Abstract
The far most objective of Ayurveda is to prevent the disease. For prevention of diseases, Ayurveda had advocated the adherence to concepts like dina charya (Daily code of conduct), ritu charya (seasonal code of conduct), sadvritta (noble code of conduct) , Na vega dharan (non suppression of natural urges) etc. Whereas these measures are useful in preventing the lifestyle related diseases but for preventing the Aupsargik rogas (communicable diseases), Janapada dhwansa rogas (epidemic diseases), Krumij Roga (Infectious diseases), Asatmyaj roga (allergic disorders), the concept of Vyadhikshamtva (Immunity) is propagated by the Ayurvedic science. But this important concept is not properly explored in Ayurvedic science after independence and remained neglected for long time only to come in limelight and in syllabus after the awareness and propagation of immunization schedule by government of India. The present study aims to re-explore the Ayurvedokta concept of Vyadhikshmatva critically with reference to concept of immunity described in modern medical science. Vyadhiksmatva in Ayurveda is defined as the biological defensive power of the body to fight against the ongoing afflicted diseases (vyadhibala virodhitwam) and to prevent the future development of disease (vyadhi utpad pratibandhakatwam). [C.Su. 28/7]. In modern science, immunity is defined as the ability of the body to recognize the harmful antigen and eliminate it through body defense system and by forming specific antibodies against the antigens. Practice of immunization was known to Indians from long times and they were using it with regard to small pox infection as stated by acharya Gananath Sen. It was also known to ancient Circassians (border area of Russia). Later in the year 1796, the Englishman Edward Jenner further researched on it and made it popular. The result of the present study shows that the Ayurvedokta concept of Vyadhikshamatva is nothing but the immunity concept mentioned in modern science. Review of literature showed that the concept of Vyadhikshamtva is very well described in Ayurveda almost as on modern line. In both sciences, the concept of immunity and hypersensitivity is described together.
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