Apathya and role of Dinacharya in Nethra Swasthya

As Ayurveda gives much importance in maintaining health and prevention of diseases along with treatments of diseases. These Dinacharyas can be adopted in our day to day lives to protect the eye from diseases and improve the vision, by implementing improvised tailor-made techniques for day to day activities of present era. The Acharyas have armed us with proper knowledge to prevent and treat life style disorders related to eye diseases through explanation of Pathya Apathya and Dinacharyas which are practices of Kriyakalpas. Most of these practices are not being followed these days which leads to many Nethra Rogas. This can be corrected by reimplementing improvised versions of such practices in our daily life. The wordChakshumeans which illuminates the objects and enlightens the mind about its details. which is situated in two eyeballs. When we talk about Pathya and Apathya, the importance of the word Chakshushya is came upon. . The Pathyas have been explained by different authors in the heading of Chakshushya Vargas and the Apathyas have been explained asAchakshushya. Keyword: Nethra Swasthya, Pathya, Kriyakalpa, Eye health, Dinacharya, Chakshushya.


Introduction:
Swasthya as most important concepts of Ashtanga Hrudaya [2] and also following dinacharya. Chakshushya means promotion of eye health. The Nethra is the Sthana of Alochaka Pitta [4] but it is unique because it is situated in the Uttamanga which is the Sthana of Kapha. [5] As we are facing many lifestyle disorders which can well prevented by following Dincharya.

Maintainance of Eye health with Dinacharya
All the Acharyas have mentioned the mandatory practice of Dinacharya for health maintainance. Among these, Special mention of certain daily regimen is important. These are practices which can be done easily on a dailybasis.

Abhyanga(Oil massage)
Sarva Daihika Abhyanga -Whole body oil massage: The word Drushti Prasadanis mentioned in Ashtanga Hrudaya stating that daily oil massage to the body before taking bath is essential in maintaining and improving the vision.

Padabhyanga-
The body massage with special importance to the head ears and feet have been given much importance by the mention of the two Drushti Gata Nadis; GandhariandHastijihwabythe Acharyas. [6] The Abhyanga can be followed on a daily basis with special importance to foot massage before taking bath.

Anjana -Collyrium (application of kohl)
There are basically 2 types of Anjanas mentioned in the classics. Them being Sauviranjana and Rasanjana.
Sauviranjana is a special collyrium, which is to be applied on a daily basis which makes the eyelids look unctuous and beautiful. It gives clarity of vision and the three colours of the eye are maintained properly, i.e., the health of the eye ball is miantained properly. As these actions indicate that this particular collyrium might increase the Kapha Dosha, eye being a Pitta Sthana, the Acharyas have mentioned about another collyrium.
Rasanjana -This is to be applied on a weekly basis to reduce theKaphaincreased in the eye due to daily usage of Sauviranjana.
In our day to day life, we can practice the Anjana Karma which is a part of the Kriyakalpa by application of natural Kajal made from the soot of the lamp on a daily basis and application of Daruharidra Anjana on a weekly basis.
Snana-Bathing, special mention has been given to the usage of hot and cold water for bathing. The Acharyas have specifically mentioned that the usage of hot water is for the trunk and not for the head. Hot water over the head can prove detrimental to the eye health. This is clinically seen as most of the people in cold territories have a practice of pouring hot water for head wash. These particular people also end with poor eye sight. On a daily basis this is a simple practice which can be adhered to.

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Eye wash -The Acharyas have given particular reference to eye wash during the daily regimen of brushing the teeth. Also the practice of Kavala Gandusha with cold water has been mentioned for better maintainance of health.
All these practices can be easily adhered to, for the prevention of eye diseases and the maintainance of eye health.

Pathyas Chakshushya Vargas:
Acharya Sushrutha have given specific mention of milk and other diary products, stating that Cow's milk is the healthiest for the eye. The ghee and butter made out of cow's milk is imperative in eye health maintainance. The milk is to be taken at night before bed time for bestresults.

Punarnava
Among other food the following are the most beneficial for the eye Rakta Sali, Godhuma, Mudga, Saindhava, Goghrutha, Go-Ksheera, Sita and Kshudra mentioned as Pathya for the eyes. [9] Researches Modern research has proved the effectiveness of Triphala, Madhu and Ghritha having significant role in the promotion of eye health.
Pyruvate and Vit-C found in Amalaki helps in inhibiting lens sorbitol levels thus reducing the formation of cataract. [12] Haritakiis Anti Cancerous, Anti diabetic, Antimutagenic innatureVibhitaki fruit extract showed anti oxidative properties. [13] Clinical trial in senile cataract with instillation of honey in varying doses provedbenificial. [14] Aims_and_Objects: Aim -To discuss the concepts of pathya-Apathya and Dinacharya for netra swasthya.

Objectives-
To understand the concepts of Pathya-Apathya and Dinacharya for netra swasthya.
To understand the concept of netra swasthya procedures in treatment of eye diseases.
To elaborate the ancient science and it's effects which replicate also in modern science.

Discussion:
The above mentioned practices and foods can be incorporated in our modern life to avoid lifestyle diseases as well as improve eye health. The practice of Padabhyanga has clinically proven to be effective in promoting eye health. The practice of Anjana Karma on a daily basis has been proven to show improvement in vision. The practice of Kriyakalpas have shown statistically and clinically significant results in promotion of eye health and as treatment for various eyediseases.

Conclusion:
The Pathyas and Apathyas mentioned are significantly accurate and can be practiced along with the daily regimen for promotion of eye health. Only slight changes have to be adopted to adapt these practices in our day to day activities. The prevention is greater than cure so all the practices need to be applied in today's world as the prevalence of life style based eye diseases is on the rise.