Phytochemical Evaluation of Ethanol Extract of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) Root Powder – Comparative Study

Abstract

Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, or Ashwagandha, is renowned for its adaptogenic and neuroprotective properties in Ayurveda. This study undertook a preliminary phytochemical screening of its ethanol root extract using standard qualitative assays. The presence of alkaloids, steroids, anthraquinone glycosides, and reducing sugars was confirmed, while flavonoids, phenolics, and saponins were not detected. These findings were compared with standard reference values and previous studies to understand extraction efficiency and compound-specific solvent compatibility. Ethanol proved effective for specific secondary metabolites but selective in nature.