A critical evaluation of vyadhi kshamatva (immunity) in charak samhita sutrasthan: a karya-karana siddhanta perspective

Abstract

The notion of Vyadhi Kshamatva (immunity), as articulated in the Charak Samhita Sutrasthan, aligns intricately with the doctrine of Karya-Karana Siddhanta (cause-and-effect principle), one of the fundamental philosophical underpinnings of Ayurveda. This theory states that every outcome (Karya) is rooted in specific causes (Karana), thereby offering a logical framework to understand immunity and disease resistance. Examining Vyadhi Kshamatva through this lens makes it possible to identify causative elements, trace mechanisms of disease prevention, and design approaches to strengthen natural defense. The present paper explores the theoretical foundation, types, contributing factors, and clinical applications of Vyadhi Kshamatva within the Karya-Karana Siddhanta, while also drawing connections to modern perspectives on immunity.