The classical ayurvedic perspective on Raktpradar (menorrhagia): an evaluation of etiology, pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies.

Abstract

Introduction: Raktapradar, often equated with menorrhagia in modern gynecology, is a common menstrual disorder marked by excessive and prolonged bleeding during the reproductive years. In India, it accounts for 15–20% of gynecological cases, predominantly affecting women aged 20 to 40. The condition can lead to anemia, weakness, and severe systemic symptoms like dizziness and unconsciousness, impacting both physical and psychosocial health. Aim: This review aims at evaluating and discussing the various aspects of Raktapradar considering etiology, pathogenesis as per Brihatrayi and Laghutrayi. Objective: Is to elaborate the Ayurveda management of Raktapradar. Material and method: The study is based on a comprehensive review of classical Ayurvedic texts including Brihatrayi and Lagutrayi along with their commentaries.These sources outline various etiological factors contributing to Raktapradar, such as Aharaja Hetu, Viharaja Hetu, Manasika Hetu, trauma, and systemic imbalances. The pathogenesis involves the vitiation of the three Doshas—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha—which disrupt the normal flow and quality of menstrual blood (Raja), resulting in abnormal bleeding patterns. Discussion: Ayurvedic treatment of Raktapradar centers on avoiding Nidan Parivarjan, Shodhan, Shaman, and Raktasthapana. Remedies are tailored to the dominant Dosha using specific herbs. Compared to modern hormonal or surgical options, Ayurveda offers a gentler, holistic approach with fewer side effects. Conclusion: Ayurvedic management provides a natural, minimally invasive solution for Raktapradar. It controls bleeding, restores Dosha balance, and enhances overall health, making it a promising alternative for menstrual care.