conceptual study of Avasvcular Necrosis in Ayurveda and Modern anatomical view review artical Section Review Articles

Abstract

Introduction

Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head is a progressive degenerative disorder caused by interruption of blood supply, resulting in ischemia, osteocyte death, and eventual collapse of the femoral head. Although AVN is not directly described in classical Ayurvedic literature, its pathogenesis can be interpreted through the concept of Anukta Vyadhi Sankalpana. The condition shows similarities with Asthimajjagata Vata, Asthi-Majja Dushti, and Srotodushti. The present study was undertaken to analyze AVN from both modern anatomical and Ayurvedic perspectives.

Methods

This conceptual literary review was carried out using classical Ayurvedic texts, including the Charaka Samhita, along with modern anatomy and pathology literature. Relevant published articles were reviewed through  peer review articles , the etiopathogenesis, vascular anatomy, and Ayurvedic correlation of AVN of the femoral head.

Results

The review revealed that the femoral head possesses a delicate vascular supply mainly through the retinacular branches of the medial circumflex femoral artery, making it highly vulnerable to ischemia and necrosis. Ayurvedic analysis suggests that etiological factors such as trauma, alcohol consumption, steroid use, and vascular obstruction lead to Rakta Dushti, Srotorodha, vitiation of Vata Dosha, and degeneration of Asthi and Majja Dhatu. Clinical manifestations such as pain, stiffness, limping, and restricted hip movements closely resemble the features of Asthikshaya and Asthimajjagata Vata.

Discussion

AVN can be understood as a degenerative and ischemic disorder involving Vata Dosha, Rakta, Asthi, and Majja Dhatu. Correlating AVN with Ayurvedic concepts provides a scientific basis for understanding its pathogenesis and may help in developing an integrative approach for its management.

Keywords: Avascular Necrosis, Anukta Vyadhi, Rakta Dushti, Asthikshaya, Asthimajjagata Vata